- A.Should interest expense be deducted from operating free cash flows discounted at WACC?
Risk-Adjusted Discount Rates
A.
No. Operating FCF is measured before financing payments. WACC already incorporates the required debt return and the standard interest tax benefit. Deducting interest again would double count financing. Equity cash flows use a different definition and are discounted at the cost of equity.
Risk-Adjusted Discount Rates
- A.When may a project’s operating free cash flows be discounted at the existing company WACC?
A.
The project must have the same systematic operating risk as the existing business and be financed under a compatible target debt/equity policy. Use market-value financing weights and after-tax debt cost. A project in a different business or with a different financing policy requires an adjusted rate or a separate APV valuation.
Risk-Adjusted Discount Rates
- A.Delta values Epsilon’s equity as PV of operating FCF less debt, using Epsilon’s WACC. Debt is risk-free, but the equity beta of 1.2 was taken directly from operating comparables with much lower leverage. Is that valid?
A.
The valuation framework is appropriate, but the beta transfer is not. Unlever the comparable equity beta using the comparable capital structure and tax assumptions, then relever it at Epsilon’s leverage before applying CAPM. Using the lower-leverage equity beta directly understates Epsilon’s financial risk, other things equal.
Risk-Adjusted Discount Rates
Moscerino is a taxed, levered, unlisted company. Evaluate two advisers’ DCF methods.
- A.Discount unlevered FCF at RU and then subtract debt.
- B.Estimate RU using comparable unlevered beta 0.9 although comparables have more debt.
- C.Discount unlevered FCF at Moscerino’s WACC.
- D.Use the government risk-free yield as Moscerino’s debt cost.
- E.Use comparables’ equity beta 1.4 directly despite their higher leverage.
A.
Incomplete for levered equity valuation: add financing side effects separately under APV. Otherwise use an appropriate after-tax WACC before subtracting market debt.
B.
Reasonable if operating risk is comparable and betas are properly unlevered. Removing financing risk is precisely the purpose of asset beta.
C.
Appropriate if the rate matches project risk and financing policy, using market-value financing weights.
D.
Only if its debt is effectively risk-free. Otherwise use its marginal required debt return, allowing for credit risk and term.
E.
Incorrect. Unlever comparable equity betas and relever to Moscerino’s target market D/E, with consistent tax and debt-risk assumptions.